Loom and method of weaving double-pile fabrics



Nov. 13, 1928. 1,691,195

H. HOWARD LOOM AND METHOD OF WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS 1 Filed Aug. 18, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Nov. 13, 1928. 1,691,195

, v H. HOWARD LOOM AND METHOD OF WEAVING DOUBLE PILE' FABRICS Filefi Aug. 18, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 5 6 ATTORNEY Nov. 13, 1928. 1,691,195

- H. HOWARD LOOM AND METHOD OF WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS Filed Aug. 18, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR Nov. 13, 1928.

H. HOWARD LOOM AND METHOD OF WEAVING DOUBLE FILE FABRICS Filed Aug. 18, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR BY I jw oamv Nov. 13, 1928.

H. HOWARD LOOM AND METHOD OF WEAVING DOUBLE FILE FABRICS Filech Aug. 18, 1927 6 Sheets -Sheet 5 W INVENTOR g/nmm ets-Sfieet 6 Nov. 13, 1928.

H. HOWARD LOOM AND METHOD OF WEAVING DOUB LE FILE FABRICS Filed Aug. 18,

yond or above the other, the fabrics being woven,

Patented Nov. 13, 1928.

7 1,691,195 um'rno STATES "PATENT: OFFICE.

HENRY HOWARD,

. ING COMPANY, OF SEYMOUR, CONNECTI OF SEYMOUR, CONNECTICUT, AS SIGNOR TO TINGUE MANUFACTUR- CUT, .Av CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

LOOMI AND METHOD OF WEAVING DOUBLE-PILE/FABRICS.

Application filed August 18,1927. Serial No. 213,762.

My invention relates to a loom and method of weaving double pile fabrics, faceto face, and more particularly to a loom weavlng such fabrics in which each fabric is provided w th a face having both looped-pile and out pile. These fabrics may be friezes, woven Astrachans or other fabrics, woven in accordance with thisvinvention.

In accordance with my invention, I pro-.

vide two sets of ribbons, one set arranged beso as to space apart each ribbon extending warpwise of the loom, each fabric being woven about its set of ribbons, so as to provide fabrics with looped pile faces. In the best embodiment of the inventiomI also pro vide means for supplying and interlacing an additional set of pile warp threads tothe fabricsbeing woven about the two sets of ribbons, so as to interlace predetermined ground wefts of both fabrics and also provide means forcutting the interlacing sets of warp threads, thereby produc ng two fabrics each having a facewith looped andcut pile.

In accordance with the invent1o-n,,two fabrics are rapidly Woven and the pile threads may sign, certain of the pile threads being woven about loose pick pile wefts thrown by the thereafter forming loops for the top fabric, other pile threads being woven about other loose pick pile wefts thrown by the upper shuttle, thereafter forming loops for the bottom fabric, the loose pick 'pile wefts being subsequently svithdrawn, after lower shuttle,

*i'ng steps are taking place an additional set of pile threads is supplied and woven so that it interlaces with predetermined ground wefts in the. top and bottom. fabrics,-without interlacing the loose pick pile wefts, and is subsequently cut to provide a cut pile face in a each fabric.

be woven so as to form any desired de-. A a

link harness showing the link and ribbon the fabrics leave the loom. While these weav-'- invention may be applied to,.and the structure attached to various types of looms so as to andbelow t increasing the speed of production of the fabrics.

Another obj ect of the invention is to weave such fabrics about two sets of warpwise extendlng ribbons so as to provide two fabrics each having a face provided with both looped and cut pile threads, the design formed by.

the looped and cut pile threads being capable of any desired variation.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for varying the height of the cut pile in .each fabric.

With the above and other objects in view,

my invention consists in the parts, improvements and combinations more fully pointed out hereinafter.

Referring now to the drawings, which il-1 lustr'ate one embodiment of the invention, especially as applied to cam and harness operated looms:

Figure 1, is aside elevation of the loom.

Figure 2, is a diagrammatic view, partly in perspective, showing the camsfor operating, through levers and jacks, the harness and heddles and the means for setting the harness.

Figure 3, is a cross-section through the crossbar, link and ribbon.

Figures 5 and 6, illustrate the cams for controlling and shedding the ground warp threads for the upper fabric.

Figures 7 and 8, illustrate the cams forcontrolling and shedding the ground warp threads for the lower fabric.

.Fignres 9 and 10, illustrate the cams for controlling and shedding the loop pile warp threads for thelower and upper fabrics, respectively.

Figure 11, illustrates the cam for controlling the interlacing pile warp, which forms the cut pile in the face of each fabric.

Figure 12, illustrates the cam for controlling; the links for the upper set of ribbons, an 1 Figure 13, illustrates the cam for controlling the links for the lower set of ribbons.

Figures 14. and 15, illustrate the relative positions -of the ribbons, links and shuttles,

enabling the shuttles to throw t1 'ht pick ground we -s and loose pick pile wefts, above erespective links, so that they may be guided above and below the ribbons. Figures 16 and 17, are diagrammatic views illustrating the weaving of two fabrics face to face, about the two sets of ribbons and links, each fabric having a looped pile face.

Figure 18, is a diagrammatic view, showing the introduction of the additional interlacing pile thread, which is subsequently cut to form cut pile in the face of each fabric.

Figure 19, is a diagrammatic view showing the cutting operation, thus producing both looped and cutpile in the face of each fabric. Figure 20, is a diagrammatic view showing the position of the upper and lower set of ribbons and links, shuttles and heddles when Weaving a ground weft for both fabrics.

F igure 21, 1s a similar dlagramniatic view when throwing the lower ground weft by the lower shuttle and the pile weft for the lower fabric by the upper shuttle. Figure 22, is a similar diagrammatic view when weaving the upper ground weft and the upper pile weft.

Figure 23, is a diagrammatic view when weaving the, grounds for the'two fabrics, following the' pile weft weaving steps.

Turning now to the drawings, two pile fabrics are shown being woven face to face, atthe same time. For convenience and simplicity, the drawings merely show two series of ground warp threads and one series of pile warp threadsfor each fabric and an additional set of interlacing pile warp threads for both fabrics. The number of pile or ground warp threads and the movements of the harness may be varied so that any desired design or figure may be woven. The threads usedin the weaving are designated by reference letters and reference numerals are applied to the various parts of the loom illustrated.

The loom is provided with aframe 1, in which are mounted ground warp beams 2, 3, and pile warp beams 4, 5. Ground warp beam 2, supplied ground warp thread A for the upper fabric and ground warp thread-D for the lower fabric. Ground warp beam 3, supplies ground warp thread B for the upper fabric and ground warp C for the lower fabric. Pile Warp beam 4, supplies'pile warp E for the upper fabric and pile warp F for the lower fabric. These pile threads form the looped pile in the face of each fabric. The beams thus supply the ground warp and pile warp threads for thetwo fabrics. WVarp beam 5, supplies the interlacing pile warp G, which interlaces predetermined ground wefts of both fabrics and is subsequently cut to form cut pile in the face of eachfabric. Creels may be used for supplying individual pile threads instead of beams, if desired.

Shuttles 6 and 7 supply the wefts for the ground warps and for the looped pile of the respective fabrics. These wefts are beaten up by the reciprocating reed 8. The shuttles travel on the underlying warp threads, and, when certain picks are being thrown, the

respective links form the raceway for the shuttles. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated, the ground warp and pile warp are shedded by suitable heddlesprovided with eyes through which the threads pass. The heddles are mounted on steel rods in harness frames, reciprocated by cams, operating levers, wires and jacks connected to the harness frames. It will be understood, however, that a Jacquard or dobby mechanism may be used to reciprocate the heddles, if desired.

As shown in the drawings (see F igilresl and 20 to 23) the ground warp thread A from 17 in heddle 18, and pile warp F, from beam.

4, for the lower fabric, through eye 19 in heddle 20. The heddles 18and 20, thus control the shedding of the pile warp threads which form the loop pile in the faces of their respective fabrics. The interlacing pile warp G, forming the cut pile in both. fabrics, passes from beam 5, through eye 21, in heddle 22.

The harnesses and cams for operating the heddles will be described below.

In accordance with my invention, means are provided for spacing apart the two fabrics being woven and for guiding the Weft picks to their proper position.

As illustrated, (see Figures 1, 14 and 15), these means comprise two sets of warpwise extending ribbons 23, 24, preferably made of wire, one set arranged beyond or above the other, the upper set of ribbons for the upper fabric being offset with relation to the lower set of ribbons for the lower fabric. Pivotally connected to the near end of each ribbon of the upper set is a movable link 26, and to the near end of each'ribbon of the lower set a movable link 27, the distal end of each ribbon extending into the fabric.- The ribbons space the fabrics apart and the fabrics are woven about the respective sets of ribbons. The height, i. e. the breadth of these ribbons determines the height of the pile loops. The movable links 26, 27, guide the respective wefts to their" proper positions, the ground wefts being guided tothe outer side of each set of ribbons and the pile wefts to the inner side, respectively below and above, the two sets of ribbons.

so ag to guide the weft picks.

on standard 34, and the jacks of the other set wire 39, each As shown (see Figures 1, 14, 15), each link 26, whose distal end is connected to one of the upper set of ribbons 23, is pivotally connected at-its near end to a crossbar 28, carried by a harness. Each link 27, whose distal end is connected to one of the lower set of ribbons 24, is pivotally connected at its near end to the crossbar 29, carried by another harness.

Means are provided for carrying and operating the heddles through which the threads pass, so as to shed the warp threads and for carrying, holding and operating the crossbars and movable links, attached to the'ribbons, which guide the weft threads.

In the best embodiment of the invention, these means comprise a plurality of harness frames, operatedthrough sets of jacks 31, 32, wires 33. The jacks of one set are mounted are mounted on standard 35. Each jack 32, of one set, through linkage 36, 37, 38, is operated by its associated jack 31, of the other set which is, in turn, operated by its associated of which is actuated by a lever (see Figure 2),; Each lever 40, by its roller is connected to one of a-series of grooved cams mounted on one side of the loom, on a cam shaft 41, driven by a motor (not shown).

- The cams'for operating the levers, wires, jacks, and harnesses, in the form of the invention illustrated are shown in Figures 5 to 13.

Cams 42, 43 (see Figures 5 and 6) operate liar ness frames 51, 52 (see Figure 2) which carry heddles 10, 12, respectively through which passes ground warp A, B, for the upper fabric. Cams 44, (see Figures 7 and 8) operate harness frames 53, 54 through associated levers, wires and jacks (see Figure 2), which carry heddles 14 and 16, throu h. which ground warp C, 1), pass. The above four cams thus control the shedding of the ground warp for the respectivefabrics. Cam 46 (see Figure 9) through its lever, wires and jacks,

operates harness frame 55, carrying heddle 18, through which pile warp E, for the upper fabric passes. Cam 47 (see Figure 10), op-

erates harness lowen'fabric. Cams 46, 47, thus control the shedding of the pile warp threads used to form the looped pile in the face of each fabric. Cam 48 (Figure 11) operates harness frame 57, carrying heddles22, through which warp.

the interlacing pile warp G passes, and thus The series of cams and their lever thru frame 56, carrying heddle 20, through which passes pile warp F for the wires 39*, also operate similarly constructed and arranged sets of jacks (not shown) which operate wires 33', connected to the bot- E of the upper fabric so that the pile warp flxovill carry the loose pick pile wefts, thrown y ribbons to the upper set ofribbons. Cam 47 (Figure 10) is constructed to controlpile warp F, for the lower fabric, so that this pile warp will carry the loose pick pile wefts, thrown, by the upper shuttle, from the upper set of ribbons to the lower set of ribbons,

Cam 46 I (Figure 9 1s constructed to control pile warp the lower shuttle, from the lower set of i Cam 48, (Figure 11) controls the interlacing pile warp G, so as to carry it from one fabric to the other interlace the pile warp with predetermined ground wefts in each fabric.

looped pile warps that it will move the interlacing warp upward in advance of the upper pile warp as the from the lower ribbons to the upper ribbons and behind the lower pile warp as the latter carries its pile wefts from the upper to the lower set of ribbons.

This cam so controls the interlacing thread with relation to the control-of the latter carries its pile wefts Cam 49, controlling the movable links for i the upper set of ribbons and cam 50 controlling the links for the lower set of ribbons are so constructed that the links and their respec- Ion tive sets of ribbons are maintained inthe same I position, without movement, while the ground wefts for the respective fabrics are being thrown. The near ends of the sets of ribbons are thus held their predetermined fixed distance apart. The distal ends of the sets of ribbons are held this predetermined, fixed distance apart by the tension of the threads and the pull of the fabrics against breast beams 77 78 when delivered to the respective pin rolls 77, 78, (hereinafter described).

Means are provided whereby the harness may be set so as to vary the'height of the cut pile with respect to the I pile, it being possible to preserve the height of the looped pile woven of ribbons while providing different heights of cut pile for. the respective fabrics.

As'shown (see Figure 3) adjustable turnbuckles 60, are connected. to each of the harness frames and to the wires operated by the height of the looped This permits setting the harness about the respective sets v distance apart, permits setting the harness or the looped pile threads in accordance therewith, and permits the setting of the cross bars, I linksand ribbons,

so that they will'be a prei determined distance apart. The loom may thus be set, so that the midway position for the harness frame for the interlacing threads acks, and along the levers 40, with which they are connected.

Means are provided for feeding the interlacing pile threads so as to supply the proper length of thread for the diiferent'heights of cut pile being woven, at the same time preserving the tension on the interlacing threads.

As illustrated (see Figure 1) the interlacing pile warp G, which comes from warp beam 5, passes around guide rod 62, and about and between feed rollers 63, 64, over tension rod 65, tensioned by spring 66, on its way through eye 21 of heddle 22, mounted in harness 57, on the way to the fabric being woven. Lower feed roller 63, may be vertically adjusted by 25 set screw 67. i

i The upper feed roller 64, is driven from the motor shaft by-gears 68, .69, worm 71, worm gear 71 on shaft 71 bevel gears 72, 7 2", and gears 73, 74, 7 5,7 6, the lower feed roller 63,

being driven by frictional contact with the upper feed roller 64. The rate at which the upper feed roller is driven from the motor shaft may be varied by changing the intermediate driving gears.

At the delivery end of the loom, after the fabrics have been woven and have passed breast beams77, 7 8. and are then cut apart as hereinafter described, the fabrics are de-' livered to the respective pin rolls 7 7, 7 8, which are driven from the motor shaft by gears 68, 69, 70 and 79, bevel gears 80, 81 on shaft 82, worm 83, gears 84, 84 85,86 87, 88, 89. 1 The worm 83, is mounted on a sleeve 90, the other end of which carries hand wheel 91. The

' sleeve is loosely mounted on the shouldered end of shaft 82, but can be secui ed thereto in order that the above driving action may occur, by

J'. tightening the nut 92, against the hand wheel. This tightens the sleeve -against the shoulder on the shaft 82. By' loosening the nut the ,sleeve is loosened and works freely on the shaft. The hand wheel can thus be turned and the worm will drive the gears 84, 85, etc.,

. and the pin rolls 77 '7 8, may be turned for 05 are spaced a further distance apart and the other harnesses, controlling the threads, are set to correspond,and the gearing for the feed rolls 63, 64, is changed so that the rolls will feed more thread to the fabrics, the speed of the delivery pin rolls 77, 78, remaining the same, as does the tension on the threads. The

additional amount of thread being fed by the increased speed of the feed rolls is taken up by the height of the cut pile.

Means are provided whereby the tension of the pile warp for the upper fabric and the pile warp for the lower fabric, is maintained, as is the tension of the interlacing pile thread, so that there will be no undue strain or slack in the pile threads. As shown in Figure 1, the tension on the interlacing pile Warp G is maintained by tension rod and coacting spring 66. I The tension on loop pile warp E, is preserved by tension rod 65 and spring 66, and

- the tension on loop pile warp F, by tension rod 65 and spring 66".

It will be observed by means of the two sets of ribbons, two face to face fabrics may be woven so that each fabric is provided with uncut pile loops, or, if desired, each fabric may be provided with a face having both cut and uncut pile, and that the height of the cut pile with relation to the height of the uncut pile,

' may be varied.

Figures 14 to 17, illustrate diagrammatically the method of weaving loop pile fabrics face to face, and Figures 18 to 23, show the method of weaving two fabrics with loop and out pilein the face of each fabric, Figures 20 to 23, showing the weaving steps when weaving cut and uncut pile.

The number of ground wefts thrown with relation to pile wefts may be varied. In the form of the invention illustrated, I have shown the weaving of three ground wefts for each fabric, followed by a pile weft for the opposite fabric. As shown in Figure 15, two ground wefts X and Y, thrown by the upper shuttle, are guided by links 26, to the outer side of the upper set of ribbons 2 3, simultaneously with the. throwing of two ground wefts P, Q, byathe lower shuttle, for the lower c1oth,.guided by links 27, to the outer side of the lower set of ribbons 24. Theupper shuttle then throws a loose pick pile weft Z, for the lower fabric which is guided by links 26, below the upper set ofribbons, while the lower shuttle throws another ground weft R, for the lower fabric. The lower shuttle then throws a loose pick pile weft S,

for the upper fabric guided by links 27 above ribbons 24, while the upper shuttle throws a ground weft W, for the upper fabric. These four-operations are then repeated. As illustrated, the respective ground wefts'are interwoven by their respective warp threads. The loose pick pile wefts Z, thrown by the upper shuttle'are carried by the -pile warp F, for the .lower fabric, down to the lower' fabric, while the pile wefts S, thrown by the I lower shuttle, are carried by pile warp E, for

the upper fabric, up to the upper fabric, see Figures 16 and 17. The respective sets of ribbons thus determine the height of the pile loops in the face of the fabrics. By varying the height of the ribbons, i. e. their thickness,

the height of the pile loops may be varied,

- the pile weft S, for the upper fabric, and

behind the pile weft Z, for the lower fabric,

in its downward travel. The'severing of the interlacing threads (hereafter described) midway between the fabrics (see Figure 19.)

provides the cut pile in the face of each fabric. The cut pile, it will be observed, is made higher than the loop pile so that itmay be sheared off and finished, producing smooth-faced fabrics.

The step of throwing the ground weft Y for the upper fabric and the ground weft-Q, for the lower fabric, is shown in Figure 20. Ground warp threads 'A, B, of the upper fabric, controlled by their cams and harnesses, form the shed through which the upper shuttle 6, throws the ground weft Y; the link 26, is positioned by its harness and cam so that the weft may beguided above the upper ribbons and beaten up in the ground of the upper fabric. In this position, the

shed for the lower shuttle 7 is formed of the} ground warp threads C, D, of the lower. -'fabric,lower pile warp F and the interlacing pile thread G, controlled byfitheir respective harnesses. In this view the threads -are.illustra-ted diagrammatically, it being understood that lower ground warp thread C, pile warp F and interlacing warp G, lie substantially the same plane below the shuttle 7.

- The link 27, is in position to guide the-weft Q, to the under side of the lower set of rib-v bons where it will be beaten up with the ground of the lower fabric and/form a tight The pile about which the pile thread pick ground weft and held tightly in place.

G is interlaced also woven about the tight pick ground weft Q. This is illustrated in Figure 21, where the positions oftheiharnesses and the threads controlled thereby, have changed'as has also the harness controlling the upper links. The

position of the lowerha'rness and its links remains unchanged. The upper shuttle is here shown throwing aloose pick pile weft Z, through the shed made up of loop pile warp thread F for the lower fabric s F of the lower fabric and the interlacing thread G, and the links of the lower set of ribbons. The links of the upper set of ribbons are inraised position to guide the pile weft Z, below the upper ribbons, so that it may be carried down, after the shuttlepick, by the loop pile warp F, passing above and about it. The interlacing thread G, is

controlled so that it will not interfere with this weft as it is carried down to the lower fabric by pile warp F. The lower shuttle at this time is throwing tight pick ground weft R, for the lower fabric, through a shed formed by ground warp threads C, D.

This weaving of the loose pick pile weft for the lower fabric by the upper shuttle and the tight pick ground weft for" the lower fabric by the lower shuttle, shown in Figure 21, is followed by the weaving of a loose pick pile weft S for the upper fabric, by the lower with it the loose pick pile weft. Z for the lower fabric. The pile warp E, for the up.-

per fabric, has also been brought down, by

its harness, to its lowermost position, below the lower shuttle. The interlacing thread G has been brought down and held in midposij tion, so as to allow pile warp F to carry pile weft Z to the lower fabric without interference, and so that ,it will not be associated with the loose pick pile weft for the upper fabric about to be thrown. The lower shuttle 7 throws loose pick pile weft S, through the shed formed of ground threads C, D, and pile warp the interlacing thread G, above the shuttle. The upper shuttle is at this time throwing a tight pick ground weft for the upper fabric through the shed formed" of upper ground warps A, B. As th harnesses are moved into position for the fourth weaving step, as shown in Figure 23, the interlacing warpG,will be carried fromits midway position of Figure 22, to its uppermost position again (as in Figure 21) ,1 so thatit will not interfere with the upward movement of theloose pick-pile weft S,

threads E, F, below the shuttle and as it is carried to the upper fabric by pile In the particular embodiment of the invention illustrated, the loose pick pj e wefts are G and loop pile warp E and E. As shown in Figure 23, the threads and links controlled by their respective har-- the-shed through whichthe lower thrown in consecutive, adjacent steps and the interlacing pile warp is controlled so as to avoid interference with them. This simplifies the movement of the interlacing thread. The above described four steps are then repeated.

It will be observed that the upper shuttle 6, throws ground wefts \V, X, Y, for the upper fabric and the loose pick pile wefts Z,

Which latter are carried to the lower fabric. The lower shuttle 7, throws ground wefts P, Q, R for the lower fabric and loose pick pile wefts S, the latter being carried to the upper fabric. The pile wefts for one fabric, when woven, will thus still be connected to the 4 wefts Z, for the pile loops of the lowerfabric,

andS, for the pile loops of the upper fabric, may thereafter be readily withdrawn. One

embodiment of such means is illustrated in my copending application, Serial No. 188,492.

Means are provided for cutting the interlacing pile warp, G, so as to provide cut pile in the face of each woven fabric.

As illustrated, (see Figures 1 and 19). a cptting blade 93, is mounted in a carriage 94, and reciprocates in a track 95, which extends transversely of the loom between the fabrics. Means are provided for reciprocating the cutter. As shown a cord 96, is attached to opposite ends of the cutter carriage. The cord is would around a 'drum97, and passes around guide pulley 98, on one side of the loom and continues to the other side of the loom, about suitable guide pulleys and is attached to the cutter carriage at its other end. The gear segment 99, pivoted at 100, rocks gears 101, 102, the latter being attached to a shaft carrying the'drum 97 The gear segment 99, is oscillated from the shaft 103. carrying gear 79, a disc 104, being connected to the segment by connecting rod 105. The

' motor thus reciprocates the cutter knife to cut the interlacing thread G, and provides cut pile in the face of each fabric.

The reed and lay for beating up the fabrics is operated in the usual manner, a crankshaft 106, having crank 106, geared by gears 69, 68, to the motor shaft, being suitably conso that the shuttle operating shaft will make one complete revolution and throw the shuttles across the loom, back and forth, for every two revolutions of the crankshaft and two operations of the lay. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated, the cams on shaft 41, make one complete revolution for every eight-shuttle picks and for every eight reciprocations of thelay. The crankshaft drives the camshaft by 1 to 8 gearing (not shown). The camshaft and cams will make one complete revolution during eight picks of the shuttle, while the crankshaft makes eight revolutions and the shuttle operating shaft makes four revolutions.

It will be understood that one embodiment of the invention has been shown and described and that changes may be made in the loom and method without departing from the principles of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics face to face, comprising in combination two sets of ribbons, one set arranged beyond the other, so as to space apart the fabrics being woven,each ribbon extending warpwise of the loom, means for supplying ground warps for the respective fabrics woven about each of the two sets of ribbons, and means for supplying wefts to the ground warps.

2. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics face to face, comprising in combination two sets of ribbons, one set arranged beyond the other, so as to space apart the fabrics being woven, each ribbon extending warpwise of the loom, means for supplying ground warps for the respective f. brics and means for supplying pile warps for the respective fabrics, woven about each of the two sets of ribbons, and means for supplying wefts to the ground warps, and to the pile warps.

3. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics face to face comprising in combination, two sets of ribbons, one set arranged. beyond the other, so as to space apart the two fabrics being woven, each ribbon extending warpwise of the loom, means for supplying ground warps for the respective fabrics, means for supplying ground wefts to the fabrics, and means for supplying a set of interlacing pile warps to the two sets of ribbons so as to interlace predetermined. ground wefts of both fabrics.

4. A. loom for weaving double pile fabrics face to face comprising in combination. two sets of ribbons, one set arranged beyond the other, so as to space apart the fabrics being woven, each ribbon-extending warpwise of the loom, means for supplying ground warps for the respective fabrics, means for supplying a set of pile warps to each of the sets of ribbons, means for supplying ground wefts and pile wefts to the fabrics, and means for supplying a third set of interlacing pile warps to the two sets of ribbons so as to inter- III - fabric and the pile wefts lace predetermined ground wefts of both fab rics.

'5. Aloom for weaving double pile fabrics face to face comprising in combination, two sets of ribbons, one set arranged above the other, so as to space apart the two fabric-s being woven, each ribbon extending warpwise of the loom, means for supplying ground warps and means for supplying pile warps to the fabrics woven about each of the two sets of ribbons, and means for supplying ground wefts and pile wefts on opposite sides of each set of ribbons. .7

6. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics, face to face, comprising in combination, two sets of ribbons, one set arranged above the other, so as to space apart the two fabrics-being woven, each ribbon extending warpwise of the 100m, means for supplying ground warps and means for supplying pile warps to the two fabrics woven about-each of the two sets of ribbons, and an upper and a lower shuttle for supplying tight pickground wefts and loose pick pile wefts, the upper shuttle supplying theground wefts for the. upper for the lower fabric on opposite sides of the upper set of ribbons,

and the lower shuttle supplying the ground wefts for the lower fabric and the pile wefts for the upper fabric on opposite sides-of the lower set of ribbons.

7 A loom for weaving double pile fabrics face to face comprising in combination, two sets of warpwise extending ribbons, one set arranged above the other so as to space apart the two fabrics being woven, a movable link connected to the near end of each ribbon, a

harness for each set of links, means for supplying ground warps and pile warps to each of the two sets of ribbons, and means for ofperating the link harness so as to supply we ts .on opposite sides of said movable links. 8.

loom for weaving double pile fabrics face to face comprising in combination, two sets of warpwise extending ribbons, one set arranged above the other so as to space apart the two fabrics being woven, a movable link connected to the nearend of each ribbon, a harness for each set of links, means for suplying ground warps and pile warps to each' of the two sets of ribbons, and an upper and a lower shuttle for supplying wefts, means for operating the links so that the upper shuttle suppl es ground wefts for the upper fabric and p le wefts for the lower fabricon opposite sides of the upper set of ribbons and the lower shuttle supplies ground Wefts for the lower fabric and pile wefts for the upper fabric on opposite sides of the lower set of ribbons; n

9. 'A loom for weaving double pile fabrics face to face comprising in combination, two sets of warpwise extending ribbons, one set arranged above the other so as to space apart the fabrics being woven, a movable link con- 'terlacing' pile warp nected to the near end of each ribbon, a harn'ess for each set of links, means for supplying ground and pile warp to the upper set of ribbons and means for supplying ground and pile warp to the lower set of ribbons, an upper. and a lower shuttle for supplying wefts for the fabrics, means for operating the link harnesses to guide the ground wefts for the upper fabric and pile wefts for the lower fabtrolling and shedding the pile warp for the upper fabric, a harness for controlling and shedding the pile warp for the lower fabric,

and means for operating the harnesses so that the upper pile warp carries thepile wefts from above the lower ribbons to the upper ribbons and the lower pile warp carries the pile wefts from below the upper ribbons to the low'erribbons.

10. Aloom for weaving double pile fabrics face to face comprising in combination, two sets of warpwise extending ribbons, one set arranged above the other, a movable link con nected to the near end of each ribbon, a harnessfor each set of links, means for supplying ground warp and pile warp to each set of ribbons, means for supplying an interlacing pile warp to both sets of ribbons, an upper and a lower shuttle for supplying wefts for the fabrics, means for operating the link harnesses to guide the ground weft-s and pile wefts respectively to opposite sides of the set-s of ribbons, a harness for controlling and shedding the pile warp for the upper fabric, a harness for controlling and shedding the pile warp for the lower fabric, a'harness for controlling and shedding the interlacing pile warp, and means for operating the harnesses so that the upper pile warps will carry pile wefts from above the lower ribbons to the upper ribbons, and the lowerpile warps will carry pile \vefts from below the upper ribbons to the lower ribbons, and for carrying the infrom the ground of one fabric to the ground of the opposite fabric, so that it will interlace predetermined ground wefts in each fabric.

11. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics face to face comprising in combination, two sets of warpwise extending ribbons, one set arranged beyond the other, so as to space apart the two fabrics being supplying ground warp and pile warp for each fabric, means for supplying an interlacing pile warp for both fabrics, means for supplying wefts for the fabrics, a plurality of harnesses for controlling the warp threads and links, and means for setting the link harwoven, means for tive fabrics, in accordance therewith, and means for varying the length of travel of the harnesses controlling the pile warp for each fabric, the interlacing warp for both fabrics,

' and the link harnesses, so as to vary the distance apart of the two fabrics being woven andthus vary the length of the interlacing each fabric,'means for supplying ground wefts and pile wefts for each fabric, feed rolls for supplying an interlacing pile warp for V both fabrics, a pair of pin rolls to which the woven fabrics are delivered, a plurality of harnesses for controlling the warp threads and links, adjustable turnbuckles connected to the harnesses for setting the link harnesses so as to vary the distance apart of the rib bons, for setting the harnesses controlling the ground warp and pile warp for the respective fabrics, in accordance therewith, means .for varying the length of travel of the harnesses controlling the pile warp for each fabric, the interlacing pile warp and the links so as to vary the distance apart of the two fabrics being woven, and means for varying the rate of speed of the feed rolls for the interlacing pile warp with respect to the rate of speed of the pin rolls to which the fabrics are delivcred, so as to vary the supply and thus the height of the interlacing pile warp in' accordance with the harness setting.

13. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics face to face comprising in combination, two; sets of warpwise extending ribbons, one set' arranged above the other, so as to space apart the two fabrics being woven, means for supplying ground warp for the respective fabrics, means for supplying pile warp to form looped pile in the face of each fabric, means for supplying an interlacing pile warp for both fabrics, a cutter, and means foroperat- -j ing the cutter transversely across the loom so as to cut the interlacing pile warp midway ofthe fabrics, so as to provide cut pile in V the face of each finished fabric.

14. The process of weaving two fabrics face to face so as to provide the face of each fabric with both cut and looped pile, which consists in throwing the loose pickpile wefts across warpwise extending ribbons, throwing the tight pick, ground wefts across the same ribbons, weaving the pile, warp to be looped about the loose pick pile wefts and weaving the pile warp to be out about predetermined tight pick ground wefts of both fabrics. Y 7

15. The processof weaving two fabrics face to face so as to provide the face of each fabric with both cut and looped pile, which consists in delivering the loose pick pile wefts across the inside faces of two sets of warpwise extending ribbons, delivering'the ground weaving the pile warp to be cut about predetermined tight pick ground wefts of both fabrics.

16. The process of weaving two fabrics face to face about an upper and lower set of warpwise extending ribbons, so as to provide the face of each. fabric with both out and looped pile, which consists in delivering a set of loose pick pile wefts for the lower fabric across and below the inside faces of the upper "set of ribbons, delivering a set of loose pick'pile wefts for the upper fabric across and above the insidefaces of the lower set of ribbons, and delivering ground wefts across the outside faces of the two sets of ribbons, and weaving the loop pile warp about ground wefts in the lower fabric and about the first set of pile wefts so as to draw the latter down against the inside faces of the lower set of ribbons, and weaving other loop pile warp about ground wefts of the upper fabric and about the second set'of pile fabric across and below the inside faces of the upper set of ribbons, delivering a set of loose pick pile wefts forthe upper fabric across and abovethe inside faces of the lower set of ribbons, delivering ground wefts across the outside faces of the two sets of ribbons, and weaving loop pile warp about ground wefts in the lower fabric'and about the first set of pile wefts so as to draw thelatterdown against the inside faces of the lower set of ribbons, weaving other pile warp about groundwefts in the upper fabric and about the second set of pile wefts so as to draw them up against the inside'faces of the upper set of ribbons and weaving an interlacing pile warp about predetermined ground wefts in both fabrics and' in advance and behind the respective pile wefts so as not to interweave with them.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

T'HE'NRIYQHOWABD. 

